Lung cancer is one of the deadliest malignant tumor globally, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for approximately 85% of cases. Given the heterogeneous nature of NSCLC and the unclear mechanisms underlying compensatory survival, there is an urgent need to explore novel molecular regulatory nodes to overcome treatment bottlenecks. The leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein (LRPPRC), a crucial RNA-binding protein, plays pivotal roles in NSCLC development, drug resistance, recurrence, and immunotherapy responses. This review was focusing on LRPPRC's regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in NSCLC, aiming to provide theoretical foundations and reference bases for clinical diagnosis and treatment of  NSCLC.

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