Objective To systematically evaluate the prevalence of frailty and its influencing factors among patients with Parkinson's disease(PD).

Methods Studies regarding the prevalence and influencing factors of frailty in patients with PD were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, and SinoMed. Databases were searched from inception to January 31, 2026. Two researchers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias for the included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 18.0 software.

Results A total of 15 studies involving 68, 099 patients were included. The results of the Meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of frailty in patients with PD was 42%[95%CI (37%,46%)]. Multiple factors were associated with frailty among patients with PD, including age, daily levodopa equivalent dose, gender, educational level, place of residence, disease course, Hoehn-Yahr stage, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale score, dyskinesia, cognitive function, executive function, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Barthel Index score, Numerical Rating Scale score for pain, body mass index, sleep quality, malnutrition, depression, serum albumin level, neuropsychiatric symptoms, sarcopenia, and recurrent falls.

Conclusion The prevalence of frailty is high among patients with PD. Its prevalence varies across different assessment tools and study regions, and frailty in patients with PD is affected by multiple factors. Nurses should implement early identification, timely intervention, and dynamic management of frailty among patients with PD to ameliorate or slow frailty progression.

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