Objective  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods  Studies about Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC were searched on CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science from inception to October 31, 2024. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software and Stata 17 software.

Results  A total of 18 studies were included, including 12 randomized controlled trials and 6 cohort studies, with a total of 2,209 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that in terms of efficacy, the complete response rate [OR=2.96, 95%CI (2.17, 4.05)], partial response rate [OR=1.89, 95%CI (1.57, 2.28)], disease control rate [OR=2.65, 95%CI (2.12, 3.31)], and objective disease response rate [OR=2.71, 95%CI (2.26, 3.25)] of the Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy group were higher than those of the chemotherapy group alone. The disease progression rate [OR=0.33, 95%CI (0.25, 0.43)] and  stable disease rate [OR=0.79, 95%CI (0.63, 0.99)] were lower than those in the chemotherapy group alone. In terms of safety, there were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of bone marrow suppression [OR=1.10, 95%CI (0.74, 1.64)], gastrointestinal reactions [OR=0.99, 95%CI (0.71, 1.39)], leukopenia [OR=1.04, 95%CI (0.76, 1.41)], thrombocytopenia [OR=1.36, 95%CI (1.00, 1.84)], and liver and kidney function damage [OR=1.02, 95%CI (0.62, 1.67)] between the group treated with Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy and the group treated with chemotherapy alone.

Conclusion  The efficacy of Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC is better than that of chemotherapy alone, and the safety is not significantly different from that of chemotherapy alone.

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