Objective  To analyze the risk factors for hypertension and the differences across gender and age groups among residents aged 40 years and older in Zhongshan City, to provide evidence for regional hypertension prevention and control policies.

Methods  Data were obtained from the National Stroke High-Risk Population Screening and Intervention Project. A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select residents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria as study participants. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and family history was collected through questionnaires. Physical and biochemical examinations were conducted to obtain body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and homocysteine levels. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors for hypertension and differences across gender and age groups.

Results  A total of 7,015 participants were included, 3,582 people suffered from hypertension, with a hypertension prevalence rate of 51.1%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified age, gender, regular alcohol consumption, family history of hypertension, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, use of lipid-lowering medications, waist circumference, heart rate, fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and homocysteine levels as independent predictors of hypertension (P<0.05). The risk factors for hypertension prevalence differed significantly between gender groups and age groups.

Conclusion  Multiple risk factors contribute to hypertension among residents aged 40 years and older in Zhongshan City, with notable differences across gender and age groups.

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