Objective  To observe the effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the recovery of autonomic nervous system and intestinal function in patients who underwent robotic gastrectomy.

Methods  The patients who received robotic gastrectomy from January 2021 to June 2022 in Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine were selected and divided into the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received oral intake of the enteral nutrition formulation containing ω-3 PUFAs (Supportan) starting from the first-day postoperatively while the control group received the conventional enteral nutrition formulation (Nutison Fibre). The indicators of intestinal function recovery, heart rate variability, inflammatory markers and early postoperative tolerance to enteral nutrition were observed.

Results  A total of 76 patients were enrolled in this research, each 38 in the experimental and control group. Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed earlier recovery of bowel sounds, first flatus, and first oral intake, as well as a shortened postoperative hospital stays (P<0.001). On the postoperative day 3, the experimental group showed higher SDNN and HF than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of stress-inflammatory markers IL^-1β and IL-6 in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group on postoperative day 3 (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the rate of adverse reactions to early postoperative enteral nutrition between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion  ω-3 PUFAs facilitated the recovery of intestinal function following robotic gastrectomy, potentially through the mechanisms that enhance postoperative vagus nerve function and mitigate inflammatory responses.

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