Uric acid stones are a common type of stone in the urinary system being the only stone that can be dissolved by drugs. The incidence of uric acid stone is increasing worldwide. It is very important to have an in depth understanding of the pathogenesis of uric acid stones to enable its identification, treatment and prevention. Persistent low urine pH, high urine uric acid levels and low urine volume are important factors in the pathogenesis of uric acid stones. Urate transporters have been proved to play an important role in the formation of uric acid stones, which pro-vides a new direction for their study . The correct diagnosis of uric acid stones through CT, dual source CT examination combined with postoperative stone composition analysis is key to the treatment and prevention of uric acid stones. These can be prevented by alkalizing urine, reducing uric acid and increasing water intake. Based on the latest re-search progress, this paper reviews the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of uric acid stones.

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