The incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) is insidious, and most patients in China are in the late stage of the disease when they are treated. Therefore, it is necessary to explore more scientific and effective diagnosis and treatment methods for the disease. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30-100nm secreted by a variety of living cells. Tumor-related exosomes can be detected in a variety of body fluids of most cancer patients, and they play vital functions in the process of tumor occurrence, invasion and metastasis. The exosomes secreted by PCa cells can deliver miRNA and protein components between cells, which can effectively regulate the tumor microenvironment while accelerating the growth and metastasis of PCa cells. The main focus of this article is a review of the biological characteristics of exosomes and their role in the diagnosis and treatment of PCa.

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