Objective  To understand the incidence of sarcopenia in stroke patients through Meta-analysis, and to provide the evidence-based basis for early identification and intervention of sarcopenia in stroke patients.

Methods  PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CHINAL, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and SinoMed databases were searched for relevant literature on the incidence of sarcopenia in stroke patients published from inception to January 2024. Meta-analysis of incidence was performed using Stata 16.0.

Results  23 articles were included, including 6,349 patients. The Meta-analysis showed that the overall incidence of sarcopenia in stroke patients was 44.0% [95%CI(36.4%, 51.6%)]. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of stroke sarcopenia in China, Japan, Korea, and the United States was 41.9%[95%CI(27.4%, 56.5%)], 53.5%[95%CI(43.2%, 63.8%)], 34.1%[95%CI(27.7%, 40.4%)], and 16.8%[95%CI(11.5%, 22.2%)], respectively. The incidence of stroke sarcopenia varied by diagnostic criteria, with AWGS being the highest as 47.2%[95%CI(36.6%, 57.7%)], followed by EWGSOP 2 [46.2%, 95%CI(31.7%, 60.8%)]. The incidence of sarcopenia was higher in females [51.7%, 95%CI(43.1%, 60.3%)] than in males [40.8%, 95%CI(32.2%, 49.5%)]. The incidence of sarcopenia varied by stroke type, with hemorrhagic stroke being the highest as 48.0% [95%CI(38.3%, 57.8%). The incidence of sarcopenia was significantly higher in stroke patients aged≥60 years [56.6%, 95%CI(37.6%, 75.7%)] than in those aged<60 years [25.0%, 95%CI(6.5%, 43.4%)]. The Egger's test was P>0.05, suggesting the study was free from publication bias.

Conclusion  The high incidence of sarcopenia in stroke patients requires attention and suggests timely screening and evaluation for sarcopenia in women, hemorrhagic stroke, and stroke patients older than 60 years of age.

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