Objective  To evaluate the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of anlotinib in treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by rapid health technology assessment. 

Methods  CNKI, Wanfang database, SinoMed, PubMed, The Cochrane Library and Embase were electronically searched to collect high-quality clinical evidence and economic evaluation literature of anlotinib in the treatment of NCSLC, from inception of the database to February 2021. Two reviewers independently screened lit-erature, extracted data and accessed the quality of included studies. Descriptive analysis and summary were then performed. 

Results  A total of 6 studies were included, including 3 meta-analyses and 3 pharmacoeconomic studies. In terms of effectiveness, the meta-analyses show that anlotinib can signifi-cantly improve the disease control rate and prolong progression-free survival and overall survival, im-prove objective response rate and effectiveness rate in patients with advanced NSCLC. In terms of safety, adverse drug reactions (ADR) of anlotinib were high, but most them were controllable. Common ADR included hypertension, hand-foot syndrome and diarrhea. Pharmacoeconomic studies have shown that compared with placebo, anlotinib could improve the quality of life-year adjustment, but the treatment cost is relatively high. 

Conclusion  Anlotinib is effective in the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC, and its side effects are relatively controllable. However based on current data, it may not be a cost-effective option.

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