Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with high morbidity and mortality, is one of the most important subtypes of lung cancer, which poses a serious threat the human health. There are still many challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC and there is currently a need to explore effective treatment targets and biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a non-coding RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides and plays a key role in the progress, diagnosis and treatment of carci-nomas. Many studies have investigated the dysregulation of lncRNA in NSCLC, which could regulate the proliferation, growth and progress of tumor cells and provide a potential application for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of NSCLC in clinical settings. Therefore, this paper aims to demonstrate the progress of research into lncRNA related to occurrence, progress, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of NSCLC.

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